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Continuing Medical Education

In the medical field Continuing Medical Education (CME) is critical in keeping up with advances in medicine and with changes in the delivery of care. Alviarmedical.com offers an online repository of educational resources to help medical personnel in  maintaining, developing and increasing their knowledge, enhancing their skills and professional performance.

The following topics includes basic information on cardiovascular diagnostics, advancement in clinical chemistry and pathogenesis of various diseases.

CARDIOVASCULAR DIAGNOSTICS

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM (ECG) - The ECG  is the product of  a series of technological and physical advances pioneered over the past 2 centuries. Early demonstrations of the hearts electrical activity (vectors) was recorded by Waller in 1887. By 1901, Einthoven invented the galvanometer which provided a direct method for registering the electrical activity of the heart.
Since then the principles of the ECG has remained unchanged and it is the most commonly performed, as well as the oldest cardiovascular laboratory procedure. However to utilize the ECG to the fullest it must be coupled with a good history and physical examination. Remember " Not all ABNORMAL ECG points to a diseased heart, and not ALL NORMAL ECG points to a normal heart". 
Click on the links on this page to know a thing or two about ECG's.
CLINICAL CHEMISTRY


QUALITY & INTEGRITY OF A LABORATORY EXAM

Laboratory testing is subject to several factors that could affect its over all accuracy. These can be grouped into three stages: Pre-analytical, Analytical, Post-analytical. 

The Pre-Analytical stage is composed of factors affecting the handling and collection of the specimen before it reaches the processing area (e.g. over fasting, wrong labeling of specimen). 

The Analytical stage is the time wherein the specimen is processed in the laboratory. Factors which can affect the test result maybe inherent to the methods/machines being use or from external circumstances.

The Post - Analytical stage is basically the interpretation of the result. This depends on understanding the pre-test probability (Bayes theorem) which can affect the specificity and sensitivity of the test and its over all usefulness. Hence, the quality and integrity of a laboratory exam depends not only on the way it is processed but on how the results are interpreted.
Click on the links to know more about the pitfalls in interpreting lab results.


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